Investigation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Four Kinds of

为了解北京市农贸市场4种居民日常消费鱼类的重金属污染水平并初步评估其暴露风险,采用等离子体串联质谱（ICP-MS）方法对北京市农贸市场出售的鲫鱼、鲤鱼、草鱼和鲢鱼中铅、镉、铬、砷等9种重金属进行了调查.采集的96个样品中,Pb的含量为〈0.2μg·kg^-1～2.856 mg·kg^-1、Cd的含量为〈0.2μg·kg^-11.965 mg·kg^-1、Cr的含量为0.207～1.965 mg·kg^-1、Cu的含量为0.025～10.506 mg·kg^-1、Ni的含量为〈0.2μg·kg^-11.971 mg·kg^-1、Mn的含量为0.020～3.034 mg·kg^-1、Zn的含量为0.630～33.260 mg·kg^-1、Fe的含量为9.308～26.308 mg·kg^-1、As的含量为〈0.2μg·kg^-15.266 mg·kg^-1.底层鱼污染水平高于中、上层鱼,重金属污染差异可能由食物链和捕捞时的鱼龄决定.整体看,约80%的样品符合水产品质量要求.铅、镉和砷的超标率为14.6%、5.2%和10.4%.结合北京市民的平均水产品消费量计算的砷、铬、镉、铜、铅、锰、锂、锌暴露量低于世界卫生组织规定的允许摄入量,然而,由于个体消费习惯的差异及不同重金属形态毒性差异,基于消费习惯的重金属暴露风险值得进一步研究.

Abstract： 

To understand the contamination level and the exposure risk of heavy metals in aquatic products in Beijing,an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） was applied to determine nine heavy metals including Pb,Cd,Cr,As and so on in crucian carp,carp,grass carp and chub from the different farmer markets in Beijing city.All of 96 samples were collected in this study.In them,the concentration of Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Mn,Zn,Fe,As are 〈0.2 μg·kg^-1.856 mg·kg^-1,0.2 μg·kg^-1.965 mg·kg^-1,0.207-1.965 mg·kg^-1,0.025-10.506 mg·kg^-1〈0.2 μg·kg^-1,.971 mg·kg^-10.020-3.034 mg·kg^-10.630-33.260 mg·kg^-19.308-26.308 mg·kg^-1〈0.2 μg·kg^-1.266 mg·kg^-1respectively.The fishes living at the bottom of the water body were with higher heavy metal level than those living at the middle and the top of the water body.The heavy metal concentration correlation with fish species may be due to the food chain and the age of the fishes.In 96 samples,80 percent of them meet the requirement of China national standard with 14.6%,5.2% and 10.4% of Pb,Cd and As excess limit values.Considering different consumer＇s habits and the toxicology difference for different form of heavy metal,further research is needed to assess the risk of heavy metal intake for resident in Beijing.