bandgap mixed tin

Tandem solar cells using only metal-halide perovskite sub-cells are an attractive choice for next-generation solar cells. However, the progress in developing efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells has been hindered by the lack of high-performance low-bandgap perovskite solar cells. Here, we report efficient mixed tin–lead iodide low-bandgap (∼1.25 eV) perovskite solar cells with open-circuit voltages up to 0.85 V and over 70% external quantum efficiencies in the infrared wavelength range of 700–900 nm, delivering a short-circuit current density of over 29 mA cm−2 and demonstrating suitability for bottom-cell applications in all-perovskite tandem solar cells. Our low-bandgap perovskite solar cells achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency of 17.6% and a certified efficiency of 17.01% with a negligible current–voltage hysteresis. When mechanically stacked with a ∼1.58 eV bandgap perovskite top cell, our best all-perovskite 4-terminal tandem solar cell shows a steady-state efficiency of 21.0%.

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Figure 1: Device architecture schematic and performance.

Figure 2: Characterization of (FASnI3)0.6(MAPbI3)0.4 perovskite films.

Figure 3: EQE spectra of (FASnI3)0.6(MAPbI3)0.4 PVSCs.

Figure 4: Characterization of the all-perovskite 4-terminal tandem cell.

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